Ecology Table

		Brown	Green-brown	Green
30 clicks	Eaten	14	7	8
	Survived	2	9	8
30 seconds	Eaten	9	7	12
	Survived	7	9	4

Which color of walkingstick was easiest to find? Which was hardest? Why do you think that was the case?

The brown walking stick was easiest to find. That was the case because the brown walking stick contrasted the most between the 3 types of walking stick.

Which color of walkingstick survived best when there was a time limit on feeding? Why do you think that color survived best?

The green-brown walking stick survived the best when there was a time limit on feeding. I think that color survived best because it managed to camouflage itself very well in the bushes and was hard to spot.

Discuss the results of the walkingstick predation in terms of adaptations.

The different types of walkingstick are adapted with different colors so as to camouflage themselves easier in accordance to the habitat they were in which was bushes.

Osmosis

Using figure 1 and 2 above, describe what you think happened to the plant cells in each of the figure. What does it mean by hypertonic and hypotonic?

Figure 1:

When the solution is hypertonic, the solution will be of a higher concentration compared to the cell. Thus, the cell will shrink. However, when the solution is hypotonic, the solution will be of a lower concentration compared to the cell. Thus, the solution will enter the cell but because it has a cell wall, the cell will not burst.

Figure 2:

For the 1st picture in Figure 2, the arrows are the same size thus it shows a same amount of concentration from both sides and the same number of molecules are moving. For the 2nd picture in Figure 2, the higher arrow is smaller compared to the lower area. This shows that there is more solute going into the cell.

Summary

• List the factors that affect diffusion

This information is already posted before this but I'll just post it again:)

Factors:

Temperature

Size of the molecules

Steepness of the concentration gradient

Summary

• Describe the movement of molecules with respect to concentration gradient

The molecules will move from the area with a higher concentration gradient towards the area with a lower concentration gradient until they reach a state of equilibrium

Summary

• Define diffusion

Diffusion is the process whereby the molecules move from the region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Summary

• What is concentration gradient

Concentration gradient(increase or decrease in the quantity) is the change of the amount of concentration in the solute(minor component in a solution) across distance.

That was kind of copied from the website. For me, what I understand from concentration gradient is... The 'Concentration' will be the number of flux arrows drawn to each side... If there are more molecules at one side and less at the other, then there will be 2 arrows drawn at the side where there are more molecules connecting to the other side.

Diffusion

5. Can you name some examples of diffusion in a living organism?

Respiration - the oxygen breathed in will have to be evenly distributed in the parts of the body

Diffusion

4. What are the factors that determine the rate of diffusion?

Factors:

-Temperature

-Size of the molecules

-Steepness of the concentration gradient

Diffusion

3. Do molecules even stop moving?

No, molecules never stop moving.

Diffusion

2. When will this process stop?

This process will stop when the molecules reach a state of equilibrium

Diffusion

1. What is Diffusion?

An action whereby the molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Table of Procedures

Okay, so this is a table of procedures of what to do during the Science experiment today.

Table of Procedures

Steps	Procedures
1	Fold the paper towel into half
2	Cut the paper towel into 3 strips of about 30 x 20mm
3	Briefly soak the paper towels in the cabbage juice
4	Remove the paper towel immediately once the paper turns light purple
5	Spread the paper towels open
6	Leave the paper towels aside to dry on the white tile
7	Cut the agar block into the following specifications: a. 3 pieces of 5 x 5 x 5 mm b. 1 piece of 5 x 5 x 20mm c. 1 piece of 10 x 10 x 10mm

8	Label the petri dish accordingly based on the solutions
9	Immerse 1 piece of agar of size 5 x 5 x 5mm, 5 x 5 x 20mm and 10 x 10 x 10mm in lemon juice or baking powder solution
10	Record the time it takes for each of the agar to turn uniformly into a different colour
11	Immerse the 2 other pieces of 5 x 5 x 5mm agar into each of the remaining liquids
12	Observe the colour change
13	Record the results in the 2nd table below
14	Transfer 2cm3 of each of the solution into the 3 separate test tubes
15	Label the test tables accordingly
16	Add an equal volume of cabbage juice to each of these test tubes
17	Record the colour change in the 2nd table

Hope it's easy to understand:)

Functions of Organelles

6. Functions of Organelles

Nucleus - Contains DNA and hereditary material

Nucleus Membrane - Separates the contains of the DNA in the nucleus from the cytoplasm, Allow transfer of material in the nucleus to cytoplasm

Chromatin(found only in the nucleus of a eukaryote cell) - Strengthens DNA, Assists in Replicating and Transcription, Compacts the DNA

Cytoplasm - Stores chemicals for survival, Maintaining the shape of the cell, Medium for transport within the cell

Cell membrane - Semi-permeable, Controls movement of liquids in and out of the cell

Vacuole - Accumulates waste products, Maintaining pH, Isolates harmful substances, Removes unwanted materials

Mitochondria - Produce energy, Building certain parts of the blood and hormones, Where respiration and energy production occurs

Chloroplast - Contains green pigment which traps sunlight for the plant to make food

Cellulose Cell Wall - Gives the cell a regular shape and prevents liquid from going into the cell

http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Nuclear_membrane

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/chromatin-function.html

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/cytoplasm-function-in-a-cell.html

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/vacuole-function.html

Yahoo Answers

Diagrams of Plant and Animal Cells with Labels

4. and 5. Diagrams of Plant and Animal Cells with Labels

I copied this diagram from Google Images and the credit goes to them. Thank You.

Sorry, I did not know how to scan my diagram in...

Table of Differences between Plant and Animal Cells

3. Table of Differences between Plant and Animal Cells

Plant cell	Animal cell
Cell wall	No cell wall
One, large central vacuole	Many, small vacuoles
Regular shape	Irregular shape
Chloroplast	No Chloroplast

Similarities of Plant and Animal cell

2. Similarities of Plant and Animal cell

Similarities:

1. Cell membrane

2. Nucleus

3. Mitochondria

4. Cytoplasm

There are more, but I don't really know how to explain them...

Table of Difference between Prokaryote and Eukaryote cells

1. Table of Difference between Prokaryote and Eukaryote cells

Prokaryote cells	Eukaryote cells
Single-celled organism	Multiple-celled organism
No nucleus	Nucleus